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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[2.8. DNA sequencing]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[During the last session, I explained several times how it was important to increase the efficiency of sequences processing algorithm because sequences arevery long and there are large volumes of sequences, so it's now the time to ask: but where these sequences come from? This is the process of sequencing. DNA sequencing is a physical operation through which a DNA molecule is read, that is every nucleotide along the strand of the molecule is read and then a text is producedas a succession of the nucleotides as letters. So from the DNA molecule tothe text through what is a sequencer. Sequencers are smaller and smaller and smaller and they may now be placed onto a desk for example, they are so small they can be placed onto a desk.
Indeed sequencing is one of the so-called exponent cell technology, why exponential technology? It's because in the last few years, the efficiency in terms of speed of the sequencesincreased exponentially, the cost of sequences decreased exponentially. You have to remember that the first DNA sequences were obtained in the early 70s and there was a technological break through less than ten years ago with theso-called next generation sequences and this is really somethingwhich is important because now we are able to sequence quickly and cheaply.]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[DNA]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Genome]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[algorithm]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[cell]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[bioinformatics]]></string></keyword>
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NOTE: Ingénieur et Docteur-Ingénieur en informatique, François Rechenmann est chercheur au centre Inria Grenoble – Rhône-Alpes. Il y exerce ses activités à l’interface de l’informatique et des sciences du vivant en contribuant plus particulièrement au développement de méthodes et de logiciels pour l’analyse des séquences génomiques des microorganismes. Cofondateur de la société Genostar, qui propose des solutions bioinformatiques aux industries pharmaceutiques, agroalimentaires et biotechnologiques, il en est le conseiller scientifique. Très impliqué dans les actions de médiation scientifique, François Rechenmann est le responsable scientifique du site Interstices dont l’objectif est d’expliquer l’informatique en tant que domaine de recherche. 
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<date><dateTime>2015-02-05</dateTime></date>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Droits réservés à l'éditeur et aux auteurs. 
Ces ressources de cours sont, sauf mention contraire, diffusées sous Licence Creative Commons. L’utilisateur doit mentionner le nom de l’auteur, il peut exploiter l’œuvre sauf dans un contexte commercial et il ne peut apporter de modifications à l’œuvre originale.]]></string>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[2. Genes and proteins]]></string>
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