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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Prof. Marc McKee - The structure of avian (chicken) eggshell]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[The functional properties of biomineralized
structures found in Nature result from interactions between their hybrid
components – both organic (mostly proteins) and inorganic (mineral) phases – to
generate hierarchical organization across different length scales.  In its dual function, the calcitic avian
eggshell provides a protective barrier for the enclosed developing chick embryo
while also serving to provide calcium for the growing chick skeleton by the
process of shell dissolution.  Here, a
detailed structural analysis (including a description of nanostructure) is
given for the eggshell produced by the domesticated chicken, along with changes
that occur following eggshell dissolution – a shell-thinning and weakening
process leading to hatching of the chick (pipping) which occurs after egg fertilization
and incubation.  Eggshell contains
abundant proteins, and the localization of some of these (particularly
osteopontin) will be described at the ultrastructural level, and correlated
with generating nanostructure and shell hardness.  X-ray and electron imaging and diffraction
data, together with atomic force microscopy observations, describe an aligned
nanostructure of mineral within the shell. 
A similar nanostructure could be reproduced in synthetic calcite
crystals by the simple addition of osteopontin, which becomes occluded within
the calcite to generate this mineralization pattern.  Taken together, these findings are consistent
with this protein's mineral-binding and regulatory role in biomineralization in
a large number of biological systems, and point to a highly conserved, mineral
nanostructure-regulating activity of osteopontin conserved over at least 300
million years of evolution.
 ]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[coquille oeuf]]></string></keyword>
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<date><dateTime>2021-03-23</dateTime></date>
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<location><![CDATA[https://www.canal-u.tv/video/le_studium/prof_marc_mckee_the_structure_of_avian_chicken_eggshell.60587]]></location>
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<duration><duration>PT0H29M52S</duration></duration>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Droits réservés à l'éditeur et aux auteurs. 
@LE STUDIUM 2021]]></string>
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<entry>https://www.canal-u.tv/producteurs/le_studium/le_studium_conferences/innate_immunity_in_a_biomineralized_context_trade_offs_or_synergies</entry>
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<description>
<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Innate immunity in a biomineralized context: trade-offs or synergies?]]></string>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Universités Numériques Thématiques 2009 http://www.universites-numeriques.fr]]></string>
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