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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Prof. Alejandro Rodriguez Navarro - Mechanisms of eggshell biomineralization]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[The
avian eggshell is a thin mineral layer (350 µm thick in chicken) that protects
the egg content against mechanical impacts, dehydration and microorganism
contamination. Eggshell formation is a highly controlled and rapid
mineralization process occurring while the egg is residing in the uterus during
the night.
The composition of the uterine fluid changes at each stage of eggshell
formation (initiation, linear growth, termination) with the expression of
specific proteins that actively regulate calcium carbonate precipitation,
selecting the mineral phase to form (calcite), inducing the nucleation of
crystals and controlling their growth, morphology and size. Eggshell formation
is terminated with the deposition of the cuticle about 2 hours before
oviposition. Egg
laying is highly demanding and female birds have developed specific physiological
adaptations for it. They
need a large and continuous supply of calcium. A stimulated production of
vitamin D leads to an increase in calcium absorption by intestinal and uterine
tissues. Also, hens develop a new type of bone within the marrow cavities of
their long bones (medullary bone) that serves as a calcium reservoir for
eggshell calcification during the night when hens are not eating and the
intestinal calcium supply is exhausted. The formation and resorption of
medullary bone is synchronized with the egg daily cycle. Laying hens also provide
enough respiratory CO2 to form carbonate ions needed for eggshell
calcium]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[coquille oeuf]]></string></keyword>
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<date><dateTime>2021-03-23</dateTime></date>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Droits réservés à l'éditeur et aux auteurs. 
@LE STUDIUM 2021]]></string>
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<description>
<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Innate immunity in a biomineralized context: trade-offs or synergies?]]></string>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Universités Numériques Thématiques 2009 http://www.universites-numeriques.fr]]></string>
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<string language="eng">DDC 22nd ed.</string>
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