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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Dr Christine Paillard - The Brown Ring disease in clams, a double-edged defense mechanism for shell disease recovery!]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Brown Ring disease is caused by Vibrio tapetis, which, by adhering to
newly secreted shell matrices, interferes with the biomineralization process. Colonization
and alteration of the matrices induce the deposit of conchiolin on the inner
surface of the valves, forming a characteristic brown deposit instead of
contributing to shell growth. This defense mechanism consists firstly in
coating the bacteria within the organic layers of melanized matrices, and
secondly in covering the brown deposit with shell layers to achieve complete
healing of the shell. This defense phenotype varies greatly depending on, (1)
the host physiology, its immune response and its microbiota, (2) the pathogen
virulence and its capacity to modulate shell fluid pH, and (3) the
environmental conditions. The first barriers V. tapetis faces, the mantle epithelium and the extrapallial
fluids, react rapidly and hemocytosis and the activation of enzymes. This early
immune response does not induce a decrease of host physiological parameters,
suggesting a commensal relationship. On the other hand, in advanced stages of
disease or incomplete recovery, the microparasite induces immunodepression and interrupted
shell growth, clearly showing trade-offs between immune defense and biomineralization
processes. Thus, in the context of Brown Ring Disease, immunity and shell
repair processes interact closely either in synergy or as trade-offs depending
on their position along the mutualism-parasitism interaction gradient.
 ]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[coquillage]]></string></keyword>
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<date><dateTime>2021-03-24</dateTime></date>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Droits réservés à l'éditeur et aux auteurs. 
@LE STUDIUM 2021]]></string>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[LE STUDIUM Conferences]]></string>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Innate immunity in a biomineralized context: trade-offs or synergies?]]></string>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Universités Numériques Thématiques 2009 http://www.universites-numeriques.fr]]></string>
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<string language="fre">CDD 22e éd.</string>
<string language="eng">DDC 22nd ed.</string>
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