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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Towards a tracking of past bird seasonal migrations through geological times: what could isotopes tell us? / Anaïs Duhamel]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Towards a tracking of past bird seasonal migrations through geological times: what could isotopes tell us? / Anaïs Duhamel, in colloque "1st Virtual Conference for Women Archaeologists and Paleontologists. Nouveaux apports à l’étude des populations et environnements passés" organisé par le laboratoire Travaux et Recherches Archéologiques sur les Cultures, les Espaces et les Sociétés (TRACES) de l’Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès et le laboratoire Paléontologie Évolution Paléoécosystèmes (PALEVOPRIM) de l'Université de Poitiers, sous la responsabilité scientifique de Julie Bachellerie, Ana Belén Galán López (Traces), Émilie Berlioz et Margot Louail (Palevoprim). Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, 8-9 mars 2021. 
Session 2 : Occupation of territories and population mobility. 
[Conférence enregistrée en distanciel].
Bird annual migrations are today a major
phenomenon shaping communities across continents, in a cyclical way highly
dependent on climatic seasonality gradients. Long-distance avian migrations, in
particular, have long been considered relatively recent, essentially triggered
and shaped by Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles. It is now accepted that
these modern migrations originated within different lineages in much older
times, probably the late Paleogene. Nevertheless, concrete evidence for these
ancient migrations through geological times are very scarce. Since
long-distance migrants fly across and stop in areas with contrasted climatic conditions
and bedrock mineralogies throughout a year, an approach with isotopes such as
stable oxygen and radiogenic strontium seems a promising avenue. I will present
here how isotopic signals can be recorded in bird bones through a model,
considering several constraints. Based on existing GPS data, migration
trackways of 10 species of extant long-distance migrants were mapped and
correlated with the oxygen and strontium isotope compositions at each stopover
locations frequented by the bird. Model outputs predict that migrating birds
can be recognized from sedentary birds. This model is to be validated by
analyzing bones of extant birds whose migratory behaviour is known, this work
being in progress this year for the oxygen isotope composition of bone. If successful,
then the methodology will be applied to fossil bird bones, taking into account
past climate context. Results could yield the most concrete evidence of past
migrations, and greatly help to understand the evolution of this fascinating
behaviour, notably its variations in response to past and present-day climate
changes.]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[archéozoologie]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[animaux fossiles]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[oiseaux (migration)]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Paléogène]]></string></keyword>
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NOTE:Actuellement étudiante en Master 2&nbsp; paléontologie, sédimentologie et paléoenvironnement à l’ENS de Lyon (France), Anais Duhamel se spécialise depuis&nbsp; la L3 en paléo-ornithologie, notamment à travers des stages qui lui ont permis de se former à différentes techniques, dont l’anatomie comparée, la morphométrie et l’isotopie. Elle s’intéresse tout particulièrement à l’impact de l’homme et du climat sur les oiseaux, provoquant l’extinction d’espèces insulaires fragiles, ou encore la modification du&nbsp; comportement migratoire. 
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