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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[An OECD vision (James Philp, OECD)]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[Since the publication of the OECD book ‘The Bioeconomy
to 2030: Designing a Policy Agenda’ in 2009, the global view of the bioeconomy
has changed greatly. That book concentrated on biotechnologies and the
bioeconomy “refers to the set of economic activities relating to the invention,
development, production and use of biological products and processes”. In the
years since, the OECD has worked on industrial biotechnology, synthetic (or
engineering) biology and sustainability aspects of the bioeconomy, while the
latter has come to mean a much wider range of activities. Nevertheless,
sustainability remains a central plank of the reasons for governments to
develop national bioeconomy strategies, of which there are now over fifty. To
some extent OECD work continues to emphasise biotechnologies as they impact
biorefining and bio-based production. Connecting biotechnologies to
sustainability and the UN sustainable development goals (SDGs), however, has
been a hard sell.
This presentation summarises work of the last two-year
period and current work. Following work on policy for biorefining, member
countries were confronted with a more difficult policy area; how to build the
ecosystems and value chains of companies and products that work within the
bioeconomy and the gradual replacement of fossil production at the epicentre of
the modern world economy. This was supported by ten national case studies and
six international workshops. The current work at the OECD remains both
sustainability and biotechnology. Publicly funded technology platforms for
engineering biology have been created in a small number of member countries and
the policy issues are being explored around case studies. 
The presentation
finishes with a look at how Europe faces challenges and competition in the
bioeconomy future. Developing nations no longer see themselves as simply
suppliers of raw materials -they are developing the technologies and
biotechnologies to be part of the value-added future. Meanwhile, as engineering
biology develops rather slowly as an engine of sustainability, the chemicals
industry is also changing, and innovating towards sustainability. Finally,
despite over 20 years of climate policy and much bioeconomy hype, investments
in non-renewables dwarf those of renewables, and global greenhouse gas
emissions reached a record
high in 2019. Shaping a sustainability future with the bioeconomy at its centre
will take more than soft law, good will and aspirations. Governments need to be
hard-nosed change-ringers with a more experimental yet strident approach to
policy.]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[territories]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[bioraffineries]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[levers of change]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[systemics]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[scientific expertise]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[issues]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[bioeconomy]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[seminar]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[international research school of Agreenium]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[models]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[stakeholders]]></string></keyword><keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[white biotechnologies]]></string></keyword>
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