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<title><string language="fre"><![CDATA[Frederik Dhondt - Teaching International Law at King Leopold’s Foreign Office: Léon Arendt’s Droit des gens-course (1904)]]></string></title>
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<string language="fre"><![CDATA[The private
papers of Léon Arendt (1848-1924), director of Political Affairs in the
Belgian Foreign Office from 1896 to 1912, offer a unique insider’s view on an
often little-studied aspect: the in-house teaching of international law.
For centuries, the practice of international relations had no strong connection
with the formal obtention of a university degree. Legal advice was often sought
externally At the turn of the twentieth century, due to King Leopold II’s
involvement, Belgian universities offered more specialised courses.
Léon
Arendt ,doctor of law and of political and administrative science, entered the
ministry in 1870. His 175 page-long handwritten course on the law of nations (“Droit
des gens”) was divided into two parts (“Political relations between
states”, 64 p. – “Conflicts between Nations”, 103 p.), counting each five
chapters. Arendt tailored the conceptual analysis to the essential
definitions, contrasts and exceptions, amply illustrated by examples. He
did not exclude that natural law would continue to be of high importance.
I will analyse
two aspects: First, permanent neutrality, Belgium’s legal regime from
1830 to 1919, which Arendt saw as a ‘restriction considérable de la
souveraineté’. Second, peaceful dispute settlement, in the wake of
1899, allows to confront his analysis with the de lege ferenda normative
statements of Descamps, who actively pleaded for the transformation of the
concept of neutrality through the imposition of mandatory arbitration.]]></string></description>
<keyword><string language="fre"><![CDATA[droit international]]></string></keyword>
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